Antonyms, Synonyms, Spellings Notes and Practice Test

High-Yield Synonyms & Antonyms

Word	Part of Speech	Synonyms	Antonyms
Abundant	Adjective	Plentiful, Copious, Ample	Scarce, Meager, Deficient
Adversity	Noun	Misfortune, Hardship, Trouble	Prosperity, Ease, Fortune
Benevolent	Adjective	Kind, Generous, Charitable	Malevolent, Cruel, Spiteful
Candid	Adjective	Frank, Honest, Straightforward	Deceitful, Guarded, Evasive
Diligent	Adjective	Industrious, Hardworking, Sedulous	Indolent, Lazy, Negligent
Frugal	Adjective	Thrifty, Economical, Parsimonious	Extravagant, Wasteful, Lavish
Mundane	Adjective	Ordinary, Dull, Monotonous	Extraordinary, Rare, Unique
Perilous	Adjective	Dangerous, Hazardous, Risky	Safe, Secure, Shielded
Reluctant	Adjective	Unwilling, Hesitant, Averse	Willing, Eager, Enthusiastic
Vague	Adjective	Ambiguous, Obscure, Hazy	Clear, Precise, Definite

Antonym Formation: Common Affixes

• un- : Common, Reliable, Grateful \rightarrow Uncommon, Unreliable, Ungrateful
• in- / im- / il- / ir- :
  • im- (before m, p): Patient \rightarrow Impatient, Mortal \rightarrow Immortal
  • il- (before l): Legal \rightarrow Illegal, Literate \rightarrow Illiterate
  • ir- (before r): Rational \rightarrow Irrational, Regular \rightarrow Irregular
  • in- (general): Capable \rightarrow Incapable, Direct \rightarrow Indirect
• dis- : Approve \rightarrow Disapprove, Obey \rightarrow Disobey, Content \rightarrow Discontent
• mis- : Lead \rightarrow Mislead, Fortune \rightarrow Misfortune, Interpret \rightarrow Misinterpret

Spelling Rules & Common Exam Traps

1. The "I Before E Except After C" Rule

• ie pattern: Believe, Chief, Field, Brief, Relieve, Piece
• ei after c: Deceive, Receive, Conceive, Ceiling, Receipt
• Key Exceptions: Weird, Leisure, Foreign, Sovereign, Seize, Height, Neighbor

2. Doubling Final Consonants

• Double the final consonant if the word ends in a single vowel + consonant and the final syllable is stressed:
  • Begin \rightarrow Beginning, Occur \rightarrow Occurred, Commit \rightarrow Committee, Refer \rightarrow Referred
• Do not double if the stress is on the first syllable:
  • Benefit \rightarrow Benefited, Open \rightarrow Opening, Enter \rightarrow Entered

3. Frequently Misspelled Words in TG TET

• Double-letter traps:
  • Accommodation (double c, double m)
  • Committee (double m, double t, double e)
  • Embarrassment (double r, double s)
  • Harassment (single r, double s)
  • Millennium (double l, double n)
  • Possession (double s, double s)
• Vowel & silent-letter traps:
  • Separate (contains -par-, not -per-)
  • Privilege (no d, ends in -ege)
  • Lieutenant (starts with L-i-e-u)
  • Maintenance (not maintainance)
  • Conscientious (contains -sci- and -ti-)
  • Bureaucracy (contains -eau-)
  • Grammar (ends in -ar, not -er)

  
  

Practice Test